Computer Vision (CV) is a field of computer science focused on enabling computers to interpret and understand visual data from images and videos. The goal is to replicate human vision capabilities in tasks such as object detection, recognition, image classification, and tracking. This field has a wide range of applications, including autonomous vehicles, facial recognition, medical imaging, and robotics ³⁵.

CV can be broadly categorized into two approaches: machine learning-based and deep learning-based. The former involves extracting features from images using classical image processing techniques and feeding them into machine learning models. In contrast, deep learning-based CV leverages neural networks, particularly convolutional neural networks (CNNs), to automatically learn features from raw image data, significantly improving performance in various applications ²³.

Despite advancements, computer vision remains a challenging problem due to the complexity of visual perception and the dynamic nature of the physical world. Researchers continue to explore new methods and applications to enhance the capabilities of computer vision systems ⁴⁵.