Computer Vision (CV) is a field of computer science focused on enabling computers to interpret and understand visual data from images and videos. The goal is to replicate human vision capabilities in various tasks such as object detection, recognition, image classification, and object tracking. Applications of computer vision are diverse, including autonomous vehicles, facial recognition, medical imaging, and robotics ³⁵.

The field can be broadly categorized into two approaches: machine learning-based and deep learning-based computer vision. In machine learning-based CV, features are extracted using classical image processing techniques and then fed into machine learning models. In contrast, deep learning-based CV leverages neural networks, particularly convolutional neural networks (CNNs), to automatically learn features from raw image data, significantly improving performance in complex tasks ²³.

Despite advancements, computer vision remains a challenging area due to the complexity of visual perception and the dynamic nature of the physical world. Researchers continue to explore new methods and applications to enhance the capabilities of computer vision systems ⁴⁵.