Containerization is a modern software development and deployment technique that encapsulates applications along with their dependencies into isolated units called containers. This approach ensures that applications can run consistently across various computing environments, whether on-premises or in the cloud. Unlike traditional virtual machines, containers share the host operating system’s kernel, making them lightweight and efficient. Container orchestration tools like Docker and Kubernetes facilitate the management and scaling of these containers, enhancing the agility and resilience of software applications. As a result, containerization has become a fundamental practice in cloud computing, data science, and microservices architecture.