Expanding databases, often referred to as database scaling, is essential for managing increased data volumes and user loads as applications grow. There are two primary approaches to scaling databases: vertical scaling and horizontal scaling.

Vertical scaling, or “scaling up,” involves adding more resources (CPU, RAM, storage) to a single server. This method is straightforward but has limitations, as there is a maximum capacity for any single machine. On the other hand, horizontal scaling, or “scaling out,” involves adding more servers to distribute the load. This approach can handle larger volumes of data and users but requires more complex architecture and management.

Choosing the right scaling strategy depends on the specific needs of the application, including the type of database being used (relational vs. non-relational) and the expected growth patterns. Understanding the trade-offs of each method is crucial to ensure optimal performance and user experience as the database expands ¹².