Java frameworks are essential tools in software development that help streamline the process of building applications. They provide a structured environment, allowing developers to focus on business logic rather than the underlying complexities of the code. Frameworks come with various abstractions, libraries, and tools that enhance productivity and efficiency.

There are several types of Java frameworks, with the most notable being web application frameworks, often based on the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architecture. This architecture separates application logic into three interconnected components: Model (data and business logic), View (UI components), and Controller (handles user input) ¹. Popular MVC frameworks include Struts and Spring MVC, which are widely used for developing robust web applications.

In addition to MVC frameworks, other essential Java frameworks include Spring, Hibernate, and Spring Boot. Spring is particularly notable for its versatility and is often a requirement for Java developer positions ²⁴. Understanding these frameworks can significantly enhance a developer’s skill set and job prospects.