Multithreading is a programming concept that allows multiple threads to execute concurrently within a single process. This means that different parts of a program can run simultaneously, which can lead to more efficient CPU utilization. The main goal of multithreading is to improve the performance of applications by allowing them to perform multiple tasks at the same time, rather than sequentially. This is particularly useful in modern computing environments where processors can handle multiple threads.

Concurrency, on the other hand, refers to the ability of a system to manage multiple tasks at the same time. It does not necessarily mean that these tasks are executed simultaneously; rather, it can involve interleaving the execution of tasks. In a multithreaded environment, concurrency is achieved by allowing threads to share resources and execute independently, which can lead to better responsiveness and resource utilization.

In summary, while multithreading is a specific implementation of concurrency, concurrency itself is a broader concept that encompasses various ways of managing multiple tasks.