Multithreading in Python is a powerful programming technique that allows multiple threads to run concurrently within a single process. This approach enables developers to improve the performance of their applications by executing different parts of a task simultaneously. Each thread operates independently, making it possible to handle multiple operations at once, such as I/O-bound tasks or data processing. While Python’s Global Interpreter Lock (GIL) can limit true parallel execution, multithreading remains beneficial for specific scenarios, particularly when dealing with tasks that involve waiting for external resources. Understanding multithreading can significantly enhance the efficiency of Python applications.