Numerical variables are types of variables that can take on any value within a finite or infinite interval. They are primarily used to represent quantitative data, which can be measured and expressed in numbers. Numerical variables are further categorized into two main types: continuous and discrete.

Continuous variables can take on any value within a given range and can include decimal values. Examples of continuous variables are height, weight, and temperature. In contrast, discrete variables can only take on specific, countable values, such as the number of children or the number of cars in a parking lot. Discrete variables are often whole numbers, but they can also include fractions in certain contexts, such as average values ¹⁴.

Understanding numerical variables is crucial in data analysis and statistics, as they form the basis for various statistical measures, including mean, median, and mode, which help summarize and interpret data effectively ¹.