Numerical variables are a fundamental concept in statistics and data analysis, representing quantities that can be measured and expressed as numbers. They are classified into two main types: discrete and continuous. Discrete numerical variables can take on a finite number of values, such as the number of students in a class or the count of items sold. In contrast, continuous numerical variables can assume an infinite number of values within a given range, such as height, weight, or temperature. Understanding numerical variables is essential for performing statistical analyses and interpreting data effectively.