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OOP Principles

Object-oriented programming (OOP) is built on several fundamental principles that guide developers in creating clear, maintainable, and extendable code. The most recognized principles are encapsulated in the SOLID acronym, which stands for:

  1. Single Responsibility Principle: Each class and method should have one responsibility or purpose, making the code easier to understand and maintain.

  2. Open/Closed Principle: Software entities should be open for extension but closed for modification. This means that the behavior of a module can be extended without modifying its source code.

  3. Liskov Substitution Principle: Objects of a superclass should be replaceable with objects of a subclass without affecting the correctness of the program. This ensures that a derived class can stand in for its base class.

  4. Interface Segregation Principle: Clients should not be forced to depend on interfaces they do not use. This encourages the creation of smaller, more specific interfaces.

  5. Dependency Inversion Principle: High-level modules should not depend on low-level modules; both should depend on abstractions. This reduces the coupling between different parts of the system 34.

Understanding and applying these principles can significantly enhance the quality of software development.

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