Orchestration refers to the coordination and management of multiple components or services to work together seamlessly, much like a conductor leading an orchestra. In the context of technology, particularly in microservices and AI systems, orchestration involves defining workflows, interactions, and decision-making hierarchies among various services or agents. This ensures that they collaborate effectively to achieve complex goals, overcoming potential failures and conflicts. By employing orchestration patterns, organizations can enhance the reliability and efficiency of their systems, enabling them to respond dynamically to changing demands and optimize performance across various tasks.