Sorting algorithms are fundamental techniques in computer science used to arrange data in a specific order, typically ascending or descending. They take an unsorted array or list as input and produce a sorted array as output. Various sorting algorithms exist, each with unique characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages. Common examples include Bubble Sort, Quick Sort, and Merge Sort. The choice of sorting algorithm can significantly impact the efficiency of data processing, especially with large datasets. Understanding these algorithms is essential for optimizing search operations and improving overall data management in software applications.