A Binary Search Tree (BST) is a specialized type of binary tree that maintains a sorted structure, allowing for efficient data operations. In a BST, each node has at most two children, referred to as the left and right child. The left child contains values less than its parent node, while the right child holds values greater. This organization enables quick searching, insertion, and deletion of nodes, as operations can be performed in logarithmic time complexity on average. Understanding BSTs is fundamental in computer science, particularly in data structure and algorithm design, as they provide a foundation for more complex data management techniques.