Data analysis is a systematic approach to examining, transforming, and modeling data to extract meaningful insights. It encompasses various techniques aimed at summarizing data, identifying patterns, and uncovering hidden relationships. The process typically involves data collection, cleaning, and exploration, followed by the application of statistical methods to derive conclusions. Data analysis plays a crucial role in decision-making across diverse fields, including business, healthcare, and scientific research. By leveraging tools like Python and libraries such as pandas and NumPy, analysts can efficiently process large datasets and visualize results, ultimately guiding informed actions based on data-driven evidence.