A database is a structured collection of information that allows for efficient storage, retrieval, and management of data. It serves as an abstraction over an operating system’s file system, simplifying the process for developers to create applications that handle persistent data. Databases can be categorized into various types, including relational databases, which organize data in tables with defined relationships, and non-relational databases, often referred to as NoSQL, which offer more flexible data models. By providing a reliable framework for data handling, databases play a crucial role in modern applications, enabling them to present and manipulate data effectively.