Uniform distribution is a fundamental concept in probability and statistics, characterized by the equal likelihood of all outcomes within a specified range. In a uniform distribution, every value between the minimum (a) and maximum (b) has the same probability of being selected, making it a simple yet powerful model for various applications. This distribution can be continuous or discrete, with the continuous uniform distribution often represented by a probability density function (pdf) and a cumulative distribution function (cdf). Understanding uniform distribution is essential for tasks such as random sampling, simulations, and initializing parameters in machine learning algorithms.